ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread worldwide since the end of 2019. This virus infects humans and has also been found to infect animals. Viruses enter the human body through the ACE2 receptor on apical epithelial cells. ACE2 receptors are also present in animal epithelial cells, so the possible effects of cell damage due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans can also occur in animals. However, studies on the long - term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in animals, especially fertility, have not been widely reported. Therefore, this literature review aims to identify and analyze the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection on the function of the reproductive system of animals, especially protected wildlife. The data were obtained from literature published in PubMed-gov with selected keywords and several other filters activated. The study result s indicate that there is a possibility that animals infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus could cause infertility, so the application of health protocols is important for people who are in close contact with animals, especially wild animals.
ABSTRACT
This proceedings contains 96 papers on ocean biodiversity;breeding, reproduction, feeding and diseases of aquacultured fish and shellfish;water quality;fishery management, seafood preservation and quality;aquaculture and fishery economics and the impact of COVID-19 on aquaculture and fishery production.
ABSTRACT
Since melatonin was discovered by humans in 1958. It is believed to be related to vertebrate reproduction, especially seasonal reproduction. It is in a large measure attributed to the fact that melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland and exhibits a unique circadian rhythm. The diurnal variation of melatonin levels in the blood of vertebrates is accessed not just for reproductive rhythms, but for seasonal cycles of metabolic activities, immune functions, and behavioral expression. With the widespread application of modern technology, the effect of seasons on reproductive performance has been weakened, but it is because of the rhythmic secret ion characteristics of melatonin that animal reproduction and even human reproduction have greater controllability. In the past 60 years, a large number of studies reveal the effect of melatonin on animal reproduction. Nowadays, faced with the impact of African swine fever and novel coronavirus outbreaks on animal husbandry in China, how to improve female animal reproduction economically and effectively is the key to animal husbandry reproduction. This article mainly discusses about the researches of melatonin on female reproduction in terms of follicular development, hormone levels of organism, and embryonic development. The purpose of this article is to provide an effective basis for new research in this field, especially those with relevance to animal re- production and reproductive medicine, and for animal reproduction and production.
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This article discusses the strategies done by the dairy sector in Switzerland to maintain and even have surplus milk supply during the Covid-19 pandemic. Some of the strategies implemented during the pandemic are milk production tests, inspection of the origin of milk, registration of calves, and insemination using top performing dairy bulls.
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This proceedings contains 43 papers on the behaviour, welfare, breeding, reproduction, feeding and diseases of mink, blue foxes and chinchillas, as well as the impacts of COVID 19 on fur farming.
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This 4th edition covers issues associated with sustainable aquaculture development, culture systems, hatchery methods, nutrition and feeding of aquaculture species, reproductive strategies, harvesting, and many other topics. While its main focus is on the culture of fish, molluscs and crustaceans for food, the book also covers other forms of aquaculture, such as the production of seaweeds, recreational fish and ornamental species, as well as live foods, such as algae and rotifers that are used to feed larval shrimp and marine fish. Thoroughly updated and revised, this essential textbook now includes increased coverage of open-ocean cage culture and sea lice issues with salmon culture, coverage of the significant progress made in nutrition, including the move away from fishmeal as protein and fish oil as lipids in feed, information on biofloc technology uses, predictive impacts of climate change, probiotics, and the impact of COVID-19 on the aquaculture community, and updated aquaculture production statistics and lists of approved anaesthetics. Aquaculture remains one of the most rapidly growing agricultural disciplines, and this book remains an essential resource for all students of aquaculture and related disciplines.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this report was to document the immediate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dairy cattle farming in Ethiopia and draw recommendations for enhancing dairy farming and the dairy sector's resilience to such pandemics and other market shocks. It presents the results of a rapid survey of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smallholder and medium-scale dairy cattle farmers in Ethiopia during the period between 5 September and 11 October 2020. A total of 1815 farmers who are part of the African Dairy Genetics Gains (ADGG) programme from five regions of Ethiopia, and one city administration participated in the study. Majority of the respondents reported that dairy farming input supply and service provision such as feed, veterinary services, animal vaccines, artificial insemination and daily hired labour had all decreased during the pandemic. More than half (60%) of the respondents reported a decrease in the total volume of milk produced per household, which was linked to the shortage of feed and other services. Forty-six percent of the respondents reported selling milk at a lower price compared to periods before the pandemic. Decreasing demand for milk by direct consumers, cooperatives and processors is one potential reason for the lower milk sales price. In conclusion, service providers and input suppliers (both government and private sector) working in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture are important in safeguarding farmers from shocks which result from man-made or natural disasters such as those brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, supporting dairy cooperatives and processors to produce at full capacity and linking dairy farmers to microfinance providers so they can access credit will ensure sustained profitability of their dairy farms.
ABSTRACT
This article describes the concept of animal shelter veterinary medicine, with emphasis on the population control of cats and dogs and the prevention of infectious diseases such as parvovirus and canine distemper in the era of the coronavirus pandemic.